![]() ![]() Remove the two test strip packets from the TEST side of one double-pocket envelope and place them into an instrument pack or tray to be sterilized.Because spores used in BIs are more resistant and present in greater numbers than are the common microbial contaminants found on patient care equipment, an inactivated BI indicates that other potential pathogens in the load have also been killed. Biological indicatorsīiological indicators (BIs) are the most accepted means of monitoring the sterilization process because they directly determine whether the most resistant microorganisms (e.g., Geobacillus or Bacillus species) are present rather than merely determining whether the physical and chemical conditions necessary for sterilization are met. Because chemical indicators do not prove sterilization has been achieved, a biological indicator (i.e., spore test) is required. If the internal or external indicator suggests inadequate processing, the item that has been processed should not be used. Indicator test results are shown immediately after the sterilization cycle is complete and could provide an early indication of a problem and where the problem occurred in the process. Refer to manufacturer instructions for proper use and placement of chemical indicators. Multiparameter internal indicators are available only for steam sterilizers (i.e., autoclaves). Multiparameter internal indicators measure 2–3 parameters and can provide a more reliable indication that sterilization conditions have been met. Single-parameter internal indicators provide information on only one sterilization parameter and are available for steam, dry heat, and unsaturated chemical vapor. An external indicator should be used when the internal indicator cannot be seen from outside the package. Chemical indicators such as heat sensitive tape change color rapidly when a given parameter is reached.Īn internal chemical indicator should be placed in every sterilization package to ensure the sterilization agent has penetrated the packaging material and actually reached the instruments inside. Internal and external chemical indicators use sensitive chemicals to assess physical conditions such as temperature during the sterilization process. ![]() Correct readings do not ensure sterilization, but incorrect readings could be the first indication that a problem has occurred with the sterilization cycle. Some tabletop sterilizers have recording devices that print out these parameters. Mechanical techniques for monitoring sterilization include assessing the cycle time, temperature, and pressure of sterilization equipment by observing the gauges or displays on the sterilizer. Sterilization procedures should be monitored through a combination of mechanical, chemical, and biological techniques designed to evaluate the sterilizing conditions and the procedure’s effectiveness.
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